Higher levels of body fat can lead to an earlier onset of menarche in girls through multiple mechanisms, including the production of leptin, which stimulates the hypothalamus to produce GnRH, and the effects of insulin resistance on IGF-1 production… Read More »


Obesity can lead to excess cortisol production due to the relationship between adipose (fat) tissue and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which regulates cortisol production. Adipose tissue produces several hormones, including leptin, which signals to the hypothalamus to stimulate the HPA axis and increase cortisol production…. Read More »


Increased fatty acids and high cortisol levels can promote the development of insulin resistance through a range of mechanisms. This can lead to elevated blood sugar levels and an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes… Read More »


African Americans, Mexican Americans, and Native Hawaiians or Other Pacific Islanders have higher rates of diabetes, cancer, heart disease and stroke compared to non-Hispanic Whites and Asian Americans. The Southern region of the United States having higher rates of heart disease compared to other regions…. Read More »


Why celiac disease delays the progression of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)…. Read More »


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